MORTAGE/LENDING These appraisals are performed for lenders and for the purpose of
buying or refinancing a property. Specific report forms are often required, as is a specified
level of licensure. These are the most common type of appraisal work.
PMI This is similar to mortage appraising. When a buyer did not have sufficient down
payment to buy a property, but with good credit could obtain a second mortgage known
as Purchase Money Insurance, that second mortage was at a higher rate of interest. After
a period of ownership the property may have appreciated sufficiently that the second
mortgage was no longer needed, and the appraiser is hired to determine if that is the case.
If true, the homeowner saves money on a lower overall interest rate.
DIVORCE These appraisals often become contentious. Each party often will hire an
appraiser and the resulting values may differ significantly reflecting the needs of each side.
The appraiser must be prepared to testify in court and to support his/her appraisal. I have
appeared in court many times and have a strong record of defending my work.
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE These appraisals are usually prepared for the
homeowner to submit to the Internal Revenue Service to determine tax liability. It may
involve an estate settlement from an inheritance. It may involve a holding period with
both a present value and a starting value when the property came into the present
ownership. The oldest start value that I have been requested to provide was from 1963
for an estate that was selling the property in the present. It may also involve a charitable
donation, either in entirety or a portion such as a conservation easement. There are very
strict rules for charitable donations, and the IRS will reject the tax return and may charge
penalties if the appraiser does not follow those rules exactly.
EMPLOYEE RELOCATION This is a service provided by some businesses, either as part
of hiring or as relocating an employee, to assist that transferee in moving and buying a
similar home at the new location. The goal of the relocaction company is to purchase the
property at a price that reflects a re-sale price within a specified time period. The
appraiser is also expected to accurately assess needed repairs and redecorating to facilitate
that expected re-sale.
BUYER OFFERS AND LISTINGS These appraisals are prepared for individuals only. A
buyer might be unfamiliar with local values and request an appraisal prior to making an
offer to buy, particularly if the property appears to be overlisted. A property owner might
want additional input, particularly if several brokers have indicated widely differing list
prices, prior to choosing a listing agent and list price.
PROPERTY TAX ABATEMENTS Where a property owner believes that he/she is
unfairly taxed, there is an appeal process at the town level (at least here in New
Hampshire). There is a strict format that must be followed in the determination of market
value, and the appraiser may be requested to appear in either superior court or before the
Board of Land and Tax Appeals to defend the appraisal if the appeal is rejected at the
town level.
EASEMENTS Other than conservation easements which are discussed above (IRS).
Easements are the granting of rights of use by a property owner to another. Examples
might include access to an otherwise landlocked lot, but more often involves a taking for
the public good such as a powerline to be built across the property or loss of some
frontage due to widening a existing road. These can become complex assignments and
usually involve two appraisals, one before the taking and one after, to determine the loss
of value to the property owner by the taking.
INVESTMENT/COMMERCIAL This is a broad range of property types, and could
encompass any of the above types of appraisals. Some I would accept and others I would
decline for reasons of competence, and might include geographical, property type or
complexity reasons.
Large tracts of vacant land, or land with approved subdivision potential. The first are
generally without great complexity and can be performed fairly quickly. The latter are
highly complex and time consuming. I have done several, I've enjoyed doing them as a
welcome break from the more repetitious residential appraisal, and I would be happy to
discuss a potential assignment with you.
Multifamily up to four units is considered Residential Income and is fairly simple to
perform. The difficult area is the analysis of comparable rental properties, and failure to
do this easily leads to erroneous values. I have seen many examples of appraisers letting
the software do the work and have yet to see any software program that can do this
without analytic intervention by the appraiser.
Large apartment buildings, industrial, retail and other properties are within my capability,
but some may involve more of a learning curve due to unfamiliarity with the location or
the property type than the client can reasonably be expected to pay. I have appraised
various properties of all three types, and the mathmatics involved is very easy for me. The
question would be my familiarity with the necessary market data and the time needed to
collect it, and the level of complexity and detail in the final report. I would suggest that
you call me on the telephone and after some discussion I will tell you honestly if I will take
the assignment or I will recommend another and more qualified appraiser.
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